National Floriculture Exam 1986

Name:

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Which one of the following is a house plant with large, tropical leaves?

a.	Dieffenbachia or Dumb-cane	c.	English Ivy
b.	Wax Begonia	d.	Wandering Jew

Carbon dioxide enrichment in greenhouse is used to:

a.	decrease plant water uptake	c.	maintain a healthier work environment
b.	combat insects	d.	increase production

The most important bedding plant grown in the U.S. both in numbers produced and season-long color is:

a.	Impatiens	c.	Petunia
b.	Pansy	d.	Geranium

A calla is closely related to:

a.	Orchid, Impatiens	c.	Anthurium, Spathiphyllum
b.	Easter Lily, Iris	d.	Rose, Apple

The following foliage plants are often grown as hanging basket plants:

a.	Dumb Cane, Corn Dracanea, Birdsnest Fern, Benjamin Fig
b.	Garden Pinks, Flowering Tobacco, Japanese Iris, Crown Imperial
c.	Chrysanthemum, Easter Lily, Kalanchoe, Cineraria
d.	Grape Ivy, Creeping Fig, Boston Fern, Wandering Jew

Fertilization occurs when:

a.	A sperm and egg unite	c.	A pollen grain touches the stigma
b.	Pollen is released from the flower	d.	A pollen grain touches the ovary

Three cut flowers that have recently gained in volume are:

a.	Exacum, Crossandra, Streptocatpus	c.	Gerbera, Lisianthus, Alstromeria
b.	Carnation, Chrysanthemum, Rose	d.	Aralia, Nephrolepis, Anthurium

Pseudo bulbs are special plant structures found typically in the __________ group of plants.

a.	gloxineas	c.	orchids
b.	cyclamen	d.	caladiums

A square tomato:

a.	has cube-shaped fruit	c.	is a paste type
b.	is as high as wide	d.	is an old-fashion variety

10.

Schlumbergera Bridgesii is the technical name for:

a.	Thanksgiving Catus	c.	Barrel Cactus
b.	Christmas Cactus	d.	Easter Cactus

11.

Cineraria and Calceolaria are __________ temperature crops.

a.	warm	c.	cold
b.	cool	d.	tropical

12.

Systemic pesticide controls the pest by:

a.	Dissolving into and being moved by the plant sap
b.	Systematically killing younger to older peers
c.	The use of progressively stronger applications of the material
d.	Preventing insects from molting

13.

Leaching is a term that refers to:

a.	Damage caused by slugs	c.	Washing out high salts in the soil
b.	Killing slugs and snails	d.	The action of parasitic plants

14.

Heat delay in chrysanthemums results in a two-to-three week delay in:

a.	Vegetative growth	c.	Floral initiation
b.	Root development	d.	Floral development

15.

An Azalea that has yellowish new leaves is probably lacking:

a.	Copper	c.	Boron
b.	Iron	d.	Zinc

16.

A Poinsettia crop that is four weeks late in flowering for Christmas was very likely exposed to:

a.	A gas leak	c.	Lighting at night
b.	An herbicide	d.	Too much CO2

17.

Rhizoctonia and pythium are fungi which attach poinsettias. They usually attack the:

a.	Leaves of the growing plant	c.	Flowers of the mature plant
b.	Roots and stems	d.	Bracts of the mature plant

18.

If large black areas develop overnight in the leaves of Cattleya Orchids, the probable cause is exposure to a heavy concentration of:

a.	carbon dioxide	c.	soluble salts
b.	granular herbicide	d.	light

19.

If pink rose flowers develop a distinctly bluish color, the probable cause is:

a.	low temperatures	c.	too much light
b.	age	d.	high soil pH

20.

A 50 degree greenhouse crop means the crop:

a.	Must be grown at a night temperature of 50 F to achieve good quality.
b.	Must be grown at a day temperature of 50 F to achieve good quality.
c.	Must be grown at a constant temperature of 50 F to achieve good quality.
d.	Must have day/night temperature difference of 50 F to achieve good quality

21.

The most used method of propagation for flower and vegetable transplants is:

a.	Seeds	c.	Layering
b.	Guttings	d.	Grafting

22.

Chrysanthemums and poinsettias are grown commercially under long nights. This is needed to :

a.	Promote seedling growth	c.	Initiate and develop flower buds
b.	Enhance leaf size and quality	d.	Produce larger, taller plants

23.

The length of time from cutting propagation to flowering of African violets is about:

a.	Two months	c.	Four months
b.	Nine months	d.	Six months

24.

The night-time temperature is lowered during the last two weeks in growing a poinsettia crop in order to:

a.	Condition it to low temperatures	c.	Intensify the color
b.	Save fuel	d.	Reduce the volume of water needed

25.

The timing of an Easter Lily crop is complicated because:

a.	The later the date of Easter, the longer it takes to force them
b.	The size of the rooted cuttings determines the date of flowering
c.	The seeds germinate irregularly over a long period of time
d.	The earlier the date of Easter, the longer it takes to force them

26.

Most greenhouse crops stop growing when the air temperature goes above:

a.	95 degrees F	c.	90 degrees F
b.	85 degrees F	d.	80 degrees F

27.

Technically, a tomato is a:

a.	Vegetable	c.	Fruit
b.	Nut	d.	Petiole

28.

A shattered geranium is one that:

a.	had dropped its petals
b.	has been deeply offended
c.	has a color break
d.	has been dropped

29.

The following nutrient requirements must be satisfied in order to get pink flowers on hydrangeas:

a.	pH 7.0, abundant strontium, low N, low P, high K
b.	pH 5.5, abundant aluminum, low N, low P, high K
c.	pH 6.5, abundant aluminum, high N, high P, low K
d.	pH 6.5, no aluminum, high N, high P, low K

30.

A potted Chrysanthemum crop is ready for sale when:

a.	It is 16 inches high (pot included)	c.	The stamens begin shedding pollen
b.	The flowers are 3/4 open	d.	The stigmas have become sticky

31.

How are Chrysanthemums propagated?

a.	Seed	c.	Bulb division
b.	Stem tip cuttings	d.	Air layering

32.

Disbudding refers to:

a.	Removal of the terminal flower bud to give uniform flowering of lateral flower buds.
b.	Removing lateral or side buds to increase the size of a terminal flower
c.	Removing flower buds before they freeze
d.	Spraying chemicals to prevent flowering

33.

With the exception of the horizontal design, how high in relation to its width should a design be made?

a.	2 2 to 3 times the width	c.	1 to 1 2 times the width
b.	2 to 2 2 times the width	d.	1 2 to 2 times the width

34.

The color harmony produced by using three colors equidistant on the color wheel is:

a.	Triad color harmony	c.	Monochromatic color harmony
b.	Split complementary color harmony	d.	Direct complementary color harmony

35.

The designer of a pleasing flower arrangement has considered the following in making it:

a.	Distinction, focus, scale, contrast	c.	Harmony, distinction, balance, focus
b.	Focus, balance, scale, harmony, contrast	d.	Scale, balance, focus, harmony, rhythm

36.

Vase life is the length of time that:

a.	A glass vase can be expected to go unbroken
b.	A dish garden usually remains acceptable
c.	Cut flowers usually remains acceptable
d.	A plastic vase will remain watertight

37.

Cut flowers and greens are held in refrigerators at a temperature range of:

a.	40 - 45 F	c.	30 - 32 F
b.	35 - 40 F	d.	45 - 50 F

38.

The size and arrangement of a greenhouse range is determined by:

a.	The requirements of the crops to be grown
b.	The number of buildings to be built
c.	The size of the greenhouse
d.	The type of construction used

39.

A system for growing plants with the roots supplied with nutrients in a dilute fertilizer solution is called:

a.	Hydroponics	c.	Hydraulics
b.	Chemotherapy	d.	Chemagrow

40.

A heating system that distributes heated water through this plastic tubes on which plant containers are set in the __________ system.

a.	biological	c.	biotherm
b.	biotemp	d.	bioderm

41.

Heat loss in a greenhouse can be reduced by as much as 60% by the use of properly installed:

a.	Thermal blankets	c.	Ventilators
b.	Heating cable	d.	Heat reflectors

42.

Use of the following materials is regulated by both Federal and State laws:

a.	insecticides, fungicides
b.	insecticides, fungicides, miticides
c.	insecticides, fungicides, miticides, herbicides
d.	insecticides, fungicides, miticides, herbicides, plant growth regulators

43.

Certain combinations of pesticides are incompatible. This means that:

a.	The resulting combination is explosive
b.	The resulting combination is more harmful to humans than either ingredient alone
c.	The resulting combinations may severely damage plants
d.	Combining them makes them ineffective in controlling the pests

44.

Early warning signs of poisoning of humans by a pesticide may include:

a.	Tightness in chest, narrowing pupils, headache
b.	Numbness in hands and feet
c.	Turning purple
d.	Loss of memory

45.

The greenhouse crop that is most responsive to increased levels of CO2 is:

a.	Rose	c.	Tomato
b.	Geranium	d.	Cucumber

46.

The accuracy of greenhouse thermometers should be checked against a laboratory thermometer in ice water and hot water at _____ intervals.

a.	once-a-year	c.	3-month
b.	6-month	d.	1-month

47.

Employees are paid for only two things:

a.	being on time and putting in time	c.	productivity and responsibility
b.	cheerfulness and productivity	d.	resourcefulness and ingenuity

48.

The following kind of flower is generally shipped to market in vials of water:

a.	Gardenia	c.	Eucharis
b.	Rose	d.	Orchid

49.

Gladioli are:

a.	seldom used by florists	c.	come in only two colors
b.	used as line flowers in a floral design	d.	poor keepers

50.

Detailed records of each pesticide application to a greenhouse crop should be kept for at least:

a.	one month	c.	one year
b.	six months	d.	two years