1999 National Floriculture Exam

Name:

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

The majority of florist businesses are conducted in one location and annual gross sales are generally under:

a.	$2,500,000.00	c.	$25,000.00
b.	$250,00.00	d.	$2,500.00

In order to survive in the florist business, an owner/manager must be able to figure out the true value of the product and strive for improvement of the perceived value. This is the essence of:

a.	Discount Pricing	c.	Premium Pricing
b.	Retail Pricing	d.	Profit Pricing

Choosing the right heating system for a particular greenhouse depends on all but one of the following variables. Identify the one that is not applicable.

a.	Climate	c.	Size of greenhouse
b.	Type of containers	d.	Cost and availability of heating fuel

A physiological disorder of geraniums caused by high moisture levels in the root media is:

a.	Bacterial blight	c.	Oedema
b.	Botrytis blight	d.	Pythium

The unit of heat measurement used in the greenhouse industry is the :

a.	Btu	c.	Ekg
b.	CCM	d.	Ocm

The principle of total compatibility of all parts of an arrangement with each other is termed:

a.	Rhythm	c.	Harmony
b.	Texture	d.	Proportion

There are three primary ways that heat is lost in a greenhouse. Which of the following is not correct?

a.	Air leakage	c.	Conduction
b.	Solarization	d.	Radiation

Upper leaves which show interveinal chlorosis probably suffer from:

a.	Lack of water	c.	An iron deficiency
b.	A sulfur deficiency	d.	A nitrogen deficiency

There are three basic types of pots that are commonly used in the greenhouse industry. Which of the following is not one of the basic types?

a.	Designer pot	c.	Azalea pot
b.	Standard pot	d.	Bulb pot or pan

10.

There is an abbreviation for the mathematical difference between the day temperature and the night temperature. Identify that abbreviation:

a.	DTNT	c.	AM-PM
b.	DT/NT	d.	DIF

11.

A process used by growers to produce well branched, compact plants with many flowers is called:

a.	Stunting	c.	Pinching
b.	Compacting	d.	Potting

12.

The most commonly used growth retardant is called:

a.	Cycocel	c.	Retoid
b.	Diazanon	d.	Slow Grow

13.

Flowers which are worn by men and pinned on a lapel are called:

a.	Falcon corsage	c.	Boutonnieres
b.	Hand-tied bouquets	d.	Pot Pourri corsage

14.

Cut carnations are classified into two groups:

a.	Floral and greenhouse	c.	Premium and discount
b.	Standards and miniatures	d.	None of the above

15.

Rooted cuttings of carnations are planted very shallow and are irrigated by ooze tubes or a similar system. The primary reason for this type of watering is to:

a.	Control costs	c.	Allow the injection of iron
b.	Not wet foliage	d.	Save time and equipment

16.

The greatest control over the cooling phase of Easter lily production is provided by:

a.	Controlled temperature forcing	c.	Natural cooling
b.	Commercial care cooling	d.	Fan and pad cooling

17.

One popular color combination is the Santa Fe colors of the Southwest desert. These include:

a.	Copper, silver, gold	c.	Black and white with any hue
b.	Aqua, peach, adobe	d.	Earth tones, taupe, red

18.

In order to create successful arangements, one must understand the range of acceptable color combinations called color schemes. One of the following is not among this frequently used color schemes:

a.	Monochromatic	c.	Triad
b.	Analogous	d.	Quadraplex

19.

The most commonly used design for all-purpose vase arrangements and baskets is the:

a.	Right-angle triangle	c.	Inverted-T
b.	Horizontal design	d.	Symmetrical triangle

20.

Color is important in helping attain most of the principles of design. One of the following is not among the guidelines commonly followed in floral arranging:

a.	Repeat colors in a design	c.	Never allow one color to dominate
b.	Use darker colored flowers deeper and lower in the arrangement	d.	Don't use too many different colors

21.

A component of greenhouse root media consisting of siliceous volcanic rock, crushed and heated to 1800 degrees F is:

a.	Vermiculite	c.	Calcined clay
b.	Rockwood	d.	Perlite

22.

This growth regulator increases the flower size of geranium, and accelerates flowering in cyclamen.

a.	Auxin	c.	B-Nine
b.	Gibberellic acid	d.	Ethephon

23.

The principles of design are fundamental truths that have evolved as the various art forms have developed. One of the following is not among the major principles of design:

a.	Balance	c.	Emphasis
b.	Scale	d.	Price

24.

In traditional arrangements, materials with higher visual weight are used lower in the arrangement to create stable effect; they are sunken a little farther into the arrangement for depth. Identify the significant principles of design that are related to balance:

a.	Color, tone	c.	Size, shape
b.	Stability, depth	d.	Lighting, distance

25.

The characteristics of a formal arrangement incluse all but one of the following. Identify the characteristic which is not normally associated with a formal arrangement.

a.	Arrangement usually symmetrically balanced	c.	Arrangement may be placed off-center
b.	Flowers used include roses, orchids, carnations	d.	Textures are smooth, shiny or velvety

26.

As the art of floral design has becme more formalized through practice, teraching and writing, there has developed a group of traditional guidelines that are frequently cited by people involved in flower arranging. Which of the following, if any, are part of these traditional guidelines:

a.	Avoid crossing lines and lines that abruptly change	c.	Neither is the above
b.	Keep flowers from lining up in distracting patterns	d.	Both of the above

27.

The most important single aspect of perennial gardening is:

a.	Control of plant height	c.	Determining the gardens' location
b.	Deciding between an informal or formal design	d.	Timing the bloom

28.

A more expensive decorative container into which a potted plant can be set is a:

a.	Jardiniere	c.	Vase
b.	Quick sleeve	d.	Rose bowl

29.

Analogous color harmony utilizes:

a.	A combination of primary and secondary colors.	c.	Tints, shades and tones of one hue.
b.	Two colors directly opposite each other on the color wheel.	d.	Two or three adjacent colors on the color wheel.

30.

All but one of the following is easily suitable for pressing. Which item is not suitable?

a.	Daffodil	c.	Pansies
b.	Dusty miller	d.	African violets

31.

The genus and species name for the carnation is:

a.	Dianthus caryophyllus	c.	Anemone coronaria
b.	Lathyrus odoratus	d.	Lobularia maritima

32.

When doing the flowers for a wedding you may work with all but one of the following arrangements: Which arrangement would not be suitable for a weddign?

a.	Cascade bouquet arrangement	c.	Two-tiered guest table arrangement
b.	Keeling bech arrangement	d.	Full couch spray arrangement

33.

When planning flowers for a wedding, there are basic considerations that the florist must address in order to properly assist the bride for this important occasion. Which, if any of the items below are not one of these factors:

a.	Location of wedding	c.	Time of year
b.	Formality of wedding	d.	Method of payment

34.

Optimum temperature for poinsettia growth is:

a.	60 to 80 degrees F	c.	70 to 90 degrees F
b.	45 to 55 degrees F	d.	80 to 85 degrees F

35.

There are certain soil requirements for building a terrarium. To much soil looks heavy, while too little soil will not hold the root system. In general, what is the correct amount of soil in relation to the height of the container:

a.	25 %	c.	75 %
b.	50 %	d.	66 %

36.

Certain plants are quite suitable for use in terrariums. Which, if any, of the following are suitable for this use:

a.	Creeping fig	c.	None of the above
b.	Needlepoint ivy	d.	All of the above

37.

Cycocel or chlormequat, is a commonly used:

a.	Height enhancer	c.	Pinching agent
b.	Height retardent	d.	Growth promoter

38.

There are three basic "C" aims for selling in a flower shop. Which of the following is not included in the three "C"s'.

a.	Create an interest	c.	Convince the costumer
b.	Contain the cost	d.	Close the sale

39.

When utilizing the ratio markup method, a 5 to 1 item with the total wholesale value of the material costing $12.00 would retail for:

a.	$30.00	c.	$60.00
b.	$120.00	d.	$45.00

40.

The sales showroom is sperate from work area. It should be neat and appealing with adequate floow space for customers to move about. Which of the following features is not typical of a sales area:

a.	Wrapping/sales counter with cash register	c.	Design table for making up arrangements
b.	Display refrigerator holding made up arrangements and cut flowers for sale	d.	Consultation area with table and chairs

41.

These summer-blooming perennials produce dense, bristy balls of blue color:

a.	Delphinium	c.	Bleeding heart
b.	Blue Plumbago	d.	Glose thistle

42.

When growing orchids, a hygrometer is used to measure:

a.	Temperature	c.	Air flow
b.	Light	d.	Humidity

43.

A hue plus gray which is duller than the pure hue, and produces a soft, soothing effect is a :

a.	Split complementary	c.	Shade
b.	Tone	d.	Tint

44.

Orchids are accustomed to some temperature fluctuation between day and night. In fact, without a day - night fluctuation of 10 to 15 degrees F, the orchids may:

a.	Refuse to grow healthy foliage	c.	Both
b.	Refuse to flower	d.	Neither

45.

The night temperature is the most important temperature factor to consider when selecting orchids. The typical acceptable night temperature range for majority of orchids fall within:

a.	50 - 70 degrees F	c.	45 - 60 degrees F
b.	60 - 85 degrees F	d.	None of the above

46.

The most popular orchid potting material is:

a.	Osmunda Fiber	c.	Tree fern fiber
b.	Firbark	d.	Lava rock

47.

Your orchids are facing a pest problem. The buds, flowers and tender new growth are pitted or stunted. Tiny insects often invisible. A sticky fluid secreted by the insects provides a medium for growth of sooty mold and attracts ants. The most likely candidates are:

a.	Spider mites	c.	Mealybugs
b.	Aphids	d.	Snails and slugs

48.

Excessively short stems in tulips planted outdoors are due to:

a.	Lack of sunlight	c.	Excessive moisture
b.	Warm spring temperatures and lack of winter cooling	d.	Magnesium and calcium deficiencies

49.

A group of orchids have a problem caused by improper culture. The foilage is dark green and healthy, but the plant won't flower. The probable cause is:

a.	Overfertilyzation	c.	Insufficient humidity
b.	Underwatering	d.	Too little light

50.

There are numerous advantages to having a container garden. Which of the following, if any, are such advantages:

a.	Containers are mobile	c.	You can enjoy plants where a dirt garden is impossible
b.	Plants can be spotlighted via their placement	d.	All of the above