Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Some seeds are produced in
the fall and remain on or in the ground until they germinate in the spring. Exposing seeds to
the winter cold and moist soil is nature's method of ___________ seeds. a. | scarifying | c. | acidifying | b. | stratifying | d. | sporulating | | | | |
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2.
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The three parts of grass
plants indicated in Figure 1 are ... a. | 1 - stolon
2 - tiller
3 - crown | c. | 1 - stolon
2 - crown
3 - rhizome | b. | 1 - rhizome
2 - stolon
3 - crown | d. | 1 - rhizome
2 - crown
3 - stolon | | | | |
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3.
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Plant parts 1 and 3, as
pictured in Figure 1, are natural means of...
Figure 1
a. | propagation | c. | stratification | b. | scarification | d. | sporification | | | | |
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4.
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An area of the landscape
which includes space for items such as a clothes line and garbage can is the __________
area. a. | service | c. | private | b. | public | d. | recreational | | | | |
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5.
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Choose the answer below that
matches each piece of equipment in Figure 2 to its correct name.
a. | 1-caliper, 2-protractor, 3-scale,
4-T-square, 5-triangles, 6-compass | c. | 1-scale, 2-protractor, 3-caliper, 4-T-square, 5-triangles,
6-compass | b. | 1-caliper, 2-compass, 3-T-square, 4-scale, 5-triangles,
6-protractor | d. | 1-protractor, 2-caliper, 3-scale, 4-T-square, 5-triangles,
6-compass | | | | |
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6.
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Which tool in Figure 2 is
not used in landscape drawing? a. | item 1 | c. | item 3 | b. | item 2 | d. | item 4 | | | | |
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7.
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One corner of a lot to be
drawn for landscape design purposes has an angle of 67 degrees. Which tool in Figure 2 would be
best for laying out this angle? a. | item 1 | c. | item 5 | b. | item 2 | d. | item 6 | | | | |
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8.
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Which of the following
is/are illegal for a landscape contractor to ask a prospective employee? a. | What is your religion? | c. | How old are you? | b. | What is your political affiliation? | d. | all the above | | | | |
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9.
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A landscaper
in New York calls a wholesaler/grower in Tennessee to inquire about
plant material for a landscape job. One of the trees he asks about
is Baldcypress. He wants to know if it is hardy in middle New
York. The grower says, "let me see, that is zone 4...."
They are talking about the...
a. | AAN Hardiness Zone
Plan | c. | USDA plant hardiness zones | b. | UPS Zone Index for safe shipping of
plants | d. | Critical Zone Hardiness Index | | | | |
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10.
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Which of the following
groups contains only evergreen plants? a. | Forsythia, Lilac, Camellia | c. | Arborvitae, Camellia, Japanese Yew | b. | Rhododendron, Japanese Maple, Chinese
Holly | d. | Crabapple, Flowering Cherry, Sycamore | | | | |
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11.
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In the plant name Ilex x
meserveae 'Blue Princess'... a. | the genus is Ilex, the "x" means it is a hybrid, the species is
meserveae and the cultivar is Blue Princess | c. | the species is Blue Princess, the "x" means that its origin is unknown, the
variety is Meserveae and the genus is Ilex | b. | the family is Ilex, the "x" means it is a tetraploid,
the genus is meserveae and the species is Blue Princess | d. | the genus is Ilex, the "x" means that it is patented, the species is
meserveae and Blue Princess is the variety | | | | |
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12.
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Plant containers that are
________ generally have better drainage than _________ containers (if the soil mix and other factors
are the same). a. | tall, short
| c. | square, round | b. | round, square | d. | short, tall | | | | |
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13.
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Based on the LD50 listed for
each chemical below, which one poses the greatest hazard to man? a. | Common Aspirin - LD50 of 1750 | c. | Benlate - LD50 of 10,000 | b. | Temik - LD50 of 0.9 | d. | Malathion - LD50 of 1000 | | | | |
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14.
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Sooty
mold... a. | is an indication that insects are or
may have been present | c. | may damage the plant by reducing growth
but usually does not kill the plant | b. | grows on the excrement of insects causing a blackish discoloration on leaf
surfaces | d. | all the above | | | | |
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15.
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The tissue in plants through
which food is translocated is the ________; water and dissolved minerals are conducted up the stems
through the ___________. a. | xylem, stomata | c. | stomata,
phloem | b. | epidermis, xylem | d. | phloem, xylem | | | | |
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16.
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Which of the following
groups correctly matches all the mature plant forms shown in Figure 3 with a plant that grows
in that form?
a. | 1 - Bradford Pear
2 -
Oriental Arborvitae
3 - Italian Cypress
4 - Sugar
Maple | c. | 1 - Bradford Pear
2 - Ginkgo
3 - Sugar Maple
4 - Crape
Myrtle | b. | 1 - American
Arborvitae
2 - Cedrus
atlantica
3 - Ligustrum
4 - Acer rubrum
| d. | 1 - Bradford Pear
2 - Oriental Arborvitae
3 - Italian Cypress
4 - Lagerstroemia
indica | | | | |
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17.
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Paul had 400 mature pots of
Shasta Daisy to wholesale to a landscaper. His total cost of producing the plants, including
labor, was $832. If he adds 30% on to the cost of production as his profit, how much will he
charge the landscaper per pot? a. | $0.27 | c. | $2.70 | b. | $2.14 | d. | $4.81 | | | | |
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18.
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The best temperature for
germinating most seeds is... a. | 50 - 60 degrees F | c. | 80 - 90 degrees F | b. | 70 - 80 degrees F | d. | 85 - 90 degrees F | | | | |
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19.
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Which of the following is
not a term used to group landscape plants based on whether or not they lose their leaves
during the winter? a. | evergreen | c. | coniferous | b. | deciduous | d. | semi-evergreen | | | | |
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20.
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Which of the following is a
disadvantage of using a time clock to control an irrigation system? a. | when there is a power outage the irrigation system runs
continuously | c. | time clocks are very expensive | b. | the plants are watered at set times, whether they need watering or
not | d. | time clocks are difficult to set | | | | |
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21.
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Landscapers need to know
basic small engine maintenance in order to keep them running, especially when minor maintenance is
needed at the job site. In Figure 4, four maintenance jobs are pictured. Choose the
answer below that correctly matches the actions taking place.
a. | 1-gaping the spark plug
2-cleaning the air filter
3-changing the oil
4-setting the
points | c. | 1-cleaning the air filter
2-setting the points
3-gaping the spark plug
4-changing the oil
| b. | 1-cleaning the air
filter
2-changing the oil
3-setting the points
4-gaping the spark plug | d. | 1-changing the oil
2-setting the points
3-cleaning the air filter
4-gaping the spark plug | | | | |
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22.
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In Figure 4, which two
maintenance jobs are most directly related to the ignition system? a. | 1 and 2 | c. | 2 and 3 | b. | 3 and 4 | d. | 1 and 4 | | | | |
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23.
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Paying nursery/landscape
workers on a piece-work basis is profitable for many employers because it... a. | provides workers with incentive to stay on task and do more
work | c. | ensures that the work will be of excellent
quality | b. | provides for better communications between workers and
management | d. | all the above | | | | |
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24.
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Which of the following
groups of production inputs for a nursery are all considered fixed costs? a. | soil, pots, liners, fertilizer | c. | labor, seed, mortgage payments on land | b. | liners, interest payments, truck
payments | d. | depreciation, taxes, payments on buildings | | | | |
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25.
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Which of the following is
the proper recommendation for pruning trees at planting? a. | Pruning should be limited to shaping the plant and removing dead or
damaged limbs | c. | Trees should not be pruned until the third year after
planting | b. | Trees should be cut back to at least one-half their size to prevent stress on the root
system | d. | Trees should not be pruned at all -- the latest trend is to let them
develop naturally | | | | |
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26.
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Which of the following is a
group of relatively new materials or practices in the nursery/landscape industry? a. | poly-gels/super-absorbents, root control bags, drip irrigation,
potting machines | c. | numeric seeders, polyethylene, fiber
pots, peat moss | b. | aeration of turf, reel mowers, soilless growing mixes | d. | pneumatic pruners, asexual propagation, reel mowers, aeration of
turf | | | | |
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27.
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Which of the
landscape/nursery professionals listed below is most likely to be required to have a four or five
year degree from an accredited college and hold a state license to practice in the
profession? a. | landscape
architect | c. | landscaper | b. | landscape designer | d. | nursery manager | | | | |
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28.
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Not all landscape firms
build or install all parts of their landscape jobs. They often employ another firm or
individual, called a _______________, to complete certain parts of the job. a. | contractor | c. | landscape architect | b. | subcontractor | d. | retail supply
jobber | | | | |
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29.
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Selecting a business site is
one of the first and most important jobs faced by a new business owner. Which of the following
businesses is most likely to select a site within a large metropolitan area? a. | a large tree farm | c. | a sod growing operation | b. | a landscape maintenance firm | d. | a wholesale nursery | | | | |
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30.
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The use of plant materials
that conserve moisture and the use of landscape techniques that reduce the amount of water needed is
called __________. a. | Xeroscaping | c. | Natural
landscaping | b. | Waterscaping | d. | Bogscaping | | | | |
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31.
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Mary was asked by a
homeowner to come to her home and try to determine why her azaleas were doing so poorly. When
Mary dug up one of the plants she found the situation as pictured in Figure 5. What is the
likely explanation for the two root systems?
a. | The plants were damaged during
planting | c. | The plants have been fertilized too heavily and burned the roots at
the soil line forcing a second root system to develop deeper in the soil | b. | The plants were planted too deep | d. | The plants have been severely damaged by insects at the ground line forcing the plant
to develop a second root system deep in the ground | | | | |
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32.
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Paul didn't have a caliper
in his truck when he stopped to measure a group of Pin Oaks but he did have some string. He
measured the circumference with the string and when he got back to the office he found that the
average circumference was 19". He then calculated that the diameter was ___
inches.
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33.
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Which of the following
groups contains a plant that is deciduous? a. | Washington Hawthorne, Baldcypress, Fagus sylvatica | c. | Cornus florida, Common Lilac, Bradford
Pear | b. | Acer saccharum, Saucer Magnolia,
Boston Ivy | d. | All of the above | | | | |
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34.
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The turfgrass listed below
that is least tolerant of shade is _________. a. | Zoysia | c. | Bluegrass | b. | Fescue | d. | Bermudagrass | | | | |
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35.
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For germination to occur,
which of the following environmental conditions must be provided (light or darkness are also
required by some seeds)? a. | proper temperature, oxygen, moisture and soil | c. | proper temperature, oxygen, moisture, soil, carbon dioxide | b. | proper temperature, oxygen, moisture | d. | proper temperature, moisture, and soil | | | | |
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36.
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Which of the following
is/are matched to a common disease of that plant? a. | Crabapple - scab | c. | Crape Myrtle - powdery
mildew | b. | Rose - blackspot | d. | all of the above | | | | |
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37.
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Which grass below is
commonly used on golf greens? a. | Fescue | c. | Bluegrass | b. | Bentgrass | d. | Zoysia | | | | |
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38.
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In which of the groups below
are all the plants noted for colorful foliage in the fall? a. | Sour (Black) Gum, Forsythia, Winged Euonymus, Austrian
Pine | c. | Canada Hemlock, American Arborvitae, Acer rubrum,
Pyracantha | b. | Dogwood, Winged Euonymus, Ginkgo, Acer
saccharum | d. | Chinese Juniper, Ginkgo, American arborvitae, Russian
Olive | | | | |
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39.
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Fairy ring is caused by... a. | fungi | c. | pollen | b. | Fairy blight of Losta toothus | d. | nematodes | | | | |
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40.
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A landscape maintenance
worker is spraying Roundup under trees to kill the grass to make mowing easier when he comes upon a
tree with suckers. What should he do? a. | spray the tops of the sucker leaves | c. | cut the suckers off | b. | spray the tops and bottoms of the sucker leaves to assure good
coverage | d. | cut the suckers off and spray the stumps | | | | |
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41.
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Fertilizer recommendations are often
given in pounds of nitrogen per thousand square feet. How many 50 pound bags of 10-10-10
fertilizer should be applied to an area 50 x 100 ft. if the recommendation is for 2 pounds of
nitrogen per 1000 sq. ft.?
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42.
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The basic underlying
principle of using mist propagation is that it... a. | keeps the soil uniformly moist -- supplying moisture through the base of the
cutting | c. | cools the soil to the point that roots can
develop | b. | keeps the plant material cool | d. | increases humidity around the cutting -- reducing
transpiration | | | | |
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43.
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When trying to save trees on
a construction site, cut and fill under the drip line of trees should be limited to a depth of _____
inches. a. | 6 | c. | 18 | b. | 8 | d. | 0, never cut or fill under the drip
line of trees | | | | |
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44.
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A big advantage of
vegetative propagation of plants rather than seed propagation is... a. | the elimination of seedling variation | c. | that it is much cheaper than seed propagation | b. | that it is always easier than seed
propagation | d. | all the above | | | | |
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45.
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The Fat Bud Nursery Company
advertised a group of trees with a trunk caliper of 3 inches. In the trade, it is assumed that
this measurement was taken... a. | 12 inches above ground level | c. | 6 inches above ground level | b. | at the base of the rootball | d. | at breast height (4 1/2 feet above the rootball) | | | | |
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46.
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Sara receives a shipment of
bare-root tree liners in November. Since she is going to be delayed in planting them, what can
she do to protect them? a. | keep them in the greenhouse | c. | store them in a warm room | b. | heal them in | d. | prune them back about
1/3 | | | | |
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47.
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Nurseries that sell plants
to other producers and to retailers, but not directly to consumers, are known as... a. | landscapers | c. | wholesalers | b. | retailers | d. | garden
centers | | | | |
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48.
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To develop a bushy plant, it
is important to periodically... a. | spray the plant with nematicide | c. | remove the terminal buds of the branches | b. | root prune the plant | d. | remove all the lateral buds of the branches | | | | |
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49.
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A hardy plant is one that
will... a. | live in acid
soil | c. | survive in the climate of a particular area | b. | take a lot of abuse in handling | d. | none of the above | | | | |
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50.
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Some rusts, such as
Cedar-Apple rust,... a. | can attack any landscape plant | c. | will destroy metal sprayers if they are not made of galvanized
metal | b. | require two unrelated hosts to complete their life
cycle | d. | none of the above | | | | |
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